Queen of the Button Empire The Commercial Legend of China’s First Private Business Owner

", AndIhadtofindawaytosurvive, anddoingbusinesswastheonlyoptionthen,", theteenagedZhangbecameastreetvendorsellingsmallcommoditiessuchasbuttons ,, butthatwasalmostenoughtomeettheentirefamily”sbiggestfearbackthenwasthatshemightbedetainedforconducting "speculativeactivities." Backinthe1970s, theterm "businessman" wasequivalentto "pettycriminal" inChina, asthecountrystrictlyforbadeprivate-ownedbusinesses, evenifthisso-called "business" wasnothingmorethananoutdoortablepiledwithknick-knackslikebuttonsandzippers. ", AndIhadtosetupmystalloutsidemyhouse, sothatwhentheofficialscame , IcouldwrapupeverythingandfleeasfastasIcould, "ouldsoonbejumpingonthebandwagontobecomeChina ‘, thedebateonw, Zhangquicklyappliedforabusinesslicensebysubmittingherpersonalinformation ,, shebecamethefirstofmorethan2,000vendorsinWenzhou,", Iwasnolongeraspeculator, andmychildrenwouldnotbeteasedbecauseofmyoccupation, ", Zhangtriedherhandatanumberofdifferentbusinesses ,, oncewhenherbrotherwasbadlyinjuredandshehadtocoverthemedicalbills, andtheotherwhenanun successfulinvestmentinleathershoesincurredtensofthousandsofyuanindebt, adevastatingamountatthattime. "Atthemostcriticalmoment ,, onlyfocusingonbuttons, butwithmyowndesignofthelatestfashions,", with200squaremetersofshopfloorinWenzhou’scommercialcenter, alongwithdesign ,, andhasbec ,, "ladyboss," shewasactuallya "boss", Zhangdecidedtoretire ,, withwhichashygirlwitnessedChina’srapideconomicdevelopmentandprogressover40years. "Afterall, weareallsmallbuttons, butdon’tforget, buttonswillalwaysbeneededandwillalwayshavetheirplaceonclothes ".